IV. Kuedzwa kweKubuda Kwechikamu kweDry Transformer

1. Kuongororwa kweWaveform yeKubuda Kwechikamu

Voltage iri pakati pe detection impedance Zm (ndiko kuti, detection signal) idiki uye inofanira kuwedzerwa kuti ipe chiratidzo chakasiyana pamudziyo. Peak value ye pulse signal inowedzerwa ne amplifier inogona kuyerwa ne oscilloscope. Pamusoro pezvo, oscilloscope inogonawo kuona kuti chikamu chipi chekubuda chinoitika mu power frequency, kuona pulse waveform nenguva dzekubuda, uye kuona hunhu hwese chikamu chekubuda. Kuti uone nzvimbo uye hunhu hwekubuda. Oscilloscopes inogona kuskenwa yakatwasuka uye yakatenderera. Horizontal scanning inoitwa ne full-screen deflection yakaenzana ne cycle imwe uye inowiriraniswa ne test voltage kuti ione phase ye pulse. Elliptical scanning yakaenzanawo ne cycle imwe ye test voltage per sweep cycle. Mufananidzo 4-1 Schematic diagram ye waveform pa screen ye two scanning modes.

Mufananidzo 4-1

Mukuyedza kuburitsa mvura zvishoma, pamusoro pekuputira mvura mukati mekunze, kubatana kwemutobvu, mwenje wemagetsi nemwenje we fluorescent, electrode corona ine voltage yakawanda, nezvimwewo, zvinogonawo kukanganisa mafungu ekuburitsa mvura zvishoma. Kuti izvi zviitike, zvakakosha kusiyanisa mafungu ekuburitsa mvura zvishoma nezvimwe zvinokanganisa mukati mekunze. Mufananidzo 4-2 mafungu akawanda akajairika.

Mufananidzo 4-2

2. Kuzivikanwa kweSpectrum yeKubuda Kwechikamu

Mufananidzo 4-3 unoratidza mhando dzakasiyana dzemaoscillogram ekubvisa chikamu, anowanikwa pedyo nevoltage yekutanga. Mifananidzo (a), (b), (c) na (d) ndiwo mapatani ekutanga ekuburitsa chikamu, uye (e), (f) na (g) ndiwo mapatani ekutanga emafungu ekupindira.

Mufananidzo 4-3

Mu (a), pane mukaha mumwe chete wemhepo wakatarisana nekwakanangana nemagetsi emagetsi muchimiro chekudzivirira kupisa, uye kuyerera kwemhepo kunoiswa panzvimbo iri pakati pemakomo akanaka neasina kunaka. Kuyerera kwemhepo uye frequency kumativi ese ekuenzanisa zvakaenzana. Asi dzimwe nguva amplitude yepamusoro nepazasi ye3:1 asymmetry ichiri yakajairika. Hukama huripo pakati pekuyerera kwemhepo nevoltage yekuyedza ndehwekuti mushure mekuyerera kwekutanga, kuyerera kwemhepo kunowedzera kusvika padanho rakati, uye kuyerera kwemhepo kunoramba kusina kuchinja nekuwedzera kwevoltage yekuyedza. Voltage yekudzima inenge yakaenzana kana kuti yakaderera zvishoma pane voltage yekutanga.

Mu (b), chimiro che insulation chine mipata yemhepo yehukuru hwakasiyana, iyo inonyanya kuve zvivakwa zve insulation zvinokandwa. Kana discharge pulse yakaiswa panzvimbo isati yasvika positive ne negative peaks, amplitude uye frequency yemativi maviri e symmetrical pulse zvakaenzana, asi dzimwe nguva asymmetry yepamusoro nepazasi ye 3:1 ichiri yakajairika. Pakutanga kwe discharge, discharge pulse inogona kugadziriswa, uye ipapo voltage inokwira, imwe discharge pulse inoenda kudivi re test voltage zero position, panguva imwe chete pachava ne pulse yakakura, pulse resolution inodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, kusvika isingagone kugadziriswa. Mushure mekubuda kwekutanga, discharge inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwe voltage, uye extinguishing voltage inenge yakaenzana kana yakaderera pane yekutanga voltage.

Mu (c), pane mukaha mumwe chete wemhepo muchimiro chekudzivirira. Mhinduro yekubuda kwemukaha wemhepo pamusoro pe electrode yakasiyana neiri mu dielectric. Kubuda kwemhepo kunoiswa pamusoro pe positive ne negative peaks ye voltage, uye amplitude yemativi ese maviri haina symmetrical, frequency ye large amplitude yakaderera, uye frequency ye small amplitude yakakwira. Chiyero chinowanzova chikuru kupfuura 3:1 uye dzimwe nguva 10:1. Mhinduro yese yekubuda inogona kusiyaniswa. Kana kubuda kwatanga, huwandu hwekubuda hunenge husina kuchinja uye hahuna chekuita nekukwira kwe voltage. Extinguishing voltage yakaenzana kana kuti iri pasi pe starting voltage.
 
Mu (d), (1) kune makomba emhepo akasiyana-siyana ari pamusoro pe electrode, asi akavharwa; (2) Mukana wemagetsi uri pakati pe electrode ne insulating medium hauna kuvharwa. Chiyero che amplitude pakati pemativi maviri chinowanzova 3:1 uye dzimwe nguva 10:1 usati waisa pulse yekubuda. Sezvo voltage ichikwira, chikamu che pulse chinofamba chichienda kunzvimbo ye zero. Mushure mekutanga kwekubuda, resolution ye pulse inokwana. Ramba uchiwedzera pressure, uye resolution inodonha kusvika yave kusanzwisisika. Mushure mekubuda kwekutanga, discharge emperor inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekukwira kwe voltage, uye extinguishing voltage yakaenzana kana kuti yakaderera zvishoma pane voltage yekutanga. Kana voltage ikatora maminetsi gumi, discharge response ichachinja zvishoma.

(e) Nzvimbo inopindirana ndiyo nzvimbo iri pakati penzvimbo ine tsono neplate yakatsetseka kana pasi. Kubuda kweCorona kunoitika pavoltage yakaderera, uye kuyerera kwemhepo kunoiswa panzvimbo yevoltage yepamusoro. Sezvakaita pa negative peak. Simba rekubuda kwemhepo riri pa potential yepamusoro; Kana riri panzvimbo ine potential yepamusoro, simba remagetsi riri pa potential yakaderera. Izvi zvinobatsira kuona nzvimbo ye zero yevoltage, uye ma pulses maviri anoonekwa zvakaenzana pa positive kana negative voltage peaks, ane zvikamu zvakaenzana zve cluster yega yega ye discharge pulses. Zvisinei, amplitude nenguva ye cluster mbiri dzakasiyana, uye cluster diki ine amplitude yakafanana uye yakanyanya kuoma. Kubuda kwemhepo kukuru kune voltage yekutanga yakaderera uye kuyerera kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwevoltage. Voltage yekutanga ye cluster yema pulses madiki yakakwira, uye huwandu hwekubuda kwemhepo hahuna kuenderana nevoltage uye hunoramba huchichinja. Voltage painokwira, pulse frequency density inowedzera, asi ichiri kusiyanisa. Voltage painokwira, inova isingasiyaniswi.

(f) Musoro wetsono uchipesana nemhepo ine gasi rakatsetseka kana repasi. Kubuda kweCorona kunoitika pavoltage yakaderera, uye kuyerera kwemhepo kunoiswa panzvimbo yevoltage yepamusoro. Sekunge pa peak negative, simba remagetsi riri papotential yakakwira; Kana riri papotential peak, simba remagetsi riri papotential yakaderera. Izvi zvinobatsira kuona zero yevoltage. Mushure mekubuda kwekutanga, voltage inowedzera uye huwandu hwekubuda hunoramba husina kuchinja, asi huwandu hwepulse hunopararira kumativi ese uye frequency yekubuda inowedzera, asi ichiri kuoneka. Sezvo voltage ichiwedzera, frequency yekubuda kwemhepo inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika isingazivikanwe.

(g) Kubuda kwesimba remagetsi pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvesimbi zvakasungirirwa mumunda wemagetsi, kana pakati pechinhu chesimbi nevhu.

Kune mhando mbiri dze waveform:

1. Mativi akanaka neasina kunaka ane amplitude yakafanana yekurova kwemoyo, nguva yakaenzana uye frequency yakaenzana;

2 Mapundu ari kumativi ese anoonekwa ari maviri, aine nzvimbo imwechete yepakati, uye dzimwe nguva anofamba achidzokera shure nekumberi achiyambuka baseline.

Kune marudzi matatu ekutanga ekubuda kweropa:

(1) Huwandu hwekuburitsa hunoramba husina kuchinja, husina chekuita nemagetsi, uye magetsi ekudzima akaenzana zvakakwana nemagetsi ekutanga.

(2) Voltage inoramba ichikwira, uye pa voltage yakati, discharge inongoerekana yanyangarika. Kana voltage ikaramba ichikwira yozodzikira, inozobudazve pa voltage yaimbopera.

(1) Nekuwedzera kwevoltage, simba rekuburitsa rinoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, kutenderera kweropa rekuburitsa kunowedzera.