1, Kuumbwa kwesimba system

(1) Sisitimu yemagetsi

Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi uye zvehupfumi zvakatarwa

Sisitimu yakabatana inonzi sisitimu yemagetsi. Sisitimu yemagetsi iyi inosanganisirawo marelay kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda zvakachengeteka uye zvakavimbika

Dziviriro nekuchengetedzwa kwemudziyo we otomatiki, kutumira otomatiki, kutaurirana uye mamwe masisitimu ekubatsira (anonziwo masisitimu echipiri). Nheyo dzeSisitimu yeSisitimu yeMasimba

Basa nderekupa vashandisi simba rakakwana, rakavimbika, rine hunyanzvi uye risingadhuri.

（2） Network yemagetsi

Chikamu chemagetsi chinotumira, chinoshandura uye chinoparadzira simba remagetsi chinonzi power grid. Power grid inosanganisira transmission grid uye distribution.

Webhu.

Basa guru re network yekutumira nderekuwedzera voltage kubva pa power plant iri kure nenzvimbo yekutakura zvinhu kuburikidza ne transformer uye kupasa

Tambo yekutumira magetsi ine simba guru inotumirwa kuchiteshi chemagetsi chiri pedyo nenzvimbo yekutakura magetsi. Panguva imwe chete, tambo yekutumira magetsi inobatanidzawo masisitimu emagetsi ari pedyo uye

Ndiro basa renzvimbo dziri pedyo dzema Hub.

Network yekugovera inetwork yemagetsi inogovera magetsi zvakananga kubva kuchiteshi chehub kuenda kune vashandisi. Kazhinji, network yekugovera yakakamurwa kuita high

Voltage, medium voltage uye low voltage distribution network. MuChina, voltage ye high-voltage distribution network inowanzo kuve ye medium voltage distribution network.

Voltage ye network yekugovera ine voltage yakaderera inowanzo kuve system yewaya yechikamu chetatu chechina

2, Hunhu hwekushanda kwesimba system

Chekutanga, huwandu hwehupfumi hwakakura. Parizvino, huwandu hwezvinhu zviri muindasitiri yemagetsi yeChina hwapfuura mabhiriyoni mazana maviri, zvichireva chikamu chimwe muzvina chezvinhu zvese zviri muhurumende. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kunokanganisa zvakananga kukura kwakanaka kwehupfumi hwenyika.

Chechipiri ndechekubatana panguva imwe chete, kana simba remagetsi richigona kuchengetwa rakawanda, kubatana kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe hakugone kupatsanurwa, uye maitiro ekuchinja anokurumidza zvikuru. Simba rinogadzirwa panguva imwe chete rinofanira kunge rakaenzana nesimba rinoshandiswa panguva imwe chete, saka chinhu chimwe nechimwe chekugadzira, kutumira, uye kugovera simba kune vashandisi chakakosha zvikuru.

Chechitatu, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakabatana zvikuru uye kwakabatana. Hazvina mhosva kuti mafekitori emagetsi nemakambani ekupa magetsi mangani, grid yemagetsi inofanira kubatanidzwa mukutumira, mitemo yekutarisira uye nzira dzekutarisira; Pane zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekugadzira zvakachengeteka, kurangwa kwesangano uye tsika dzehunyanzvi.

Chechina, kushanda kwayo. Zvinangwa zvebasa remagetsi zvakakwana, zvinosanganisira vanhu vese munharaunda yese. Hunhu hwemagetsi nemutengo zvakabatana zvakanyanya nezvido zvevazhinji vanoshandisa magetsi.

Cheshanu, hupfumi hwenyika hunofanira kutungamira mukuvandudza magetsi.

3, Rated voltage yesimba system

Voltage yegrid yemagetsi inoongororwa. Voltage yakayerwa yegrid yemagetsi inogadzirwa uye inoziviswa nehurumende mushure mekuongorora kwakazara uye kuratidzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nekukura kwehupfumi hwenyika, kunzwisisa kwetekinoroji nehupfumi, huwandu hwekugadzira michina yemagetsi nezvimwe zvinhu.

Parizvino, voltage yepamusoro yeAC muChina i1000KV, iyo yakatanga kushanda kubva kuChangzhi kuenda kuJingmen musi wa30 Zvita 2008; DC voltage yepamusoro muChina i500KV, kusanganisira Gezhouba – Shanghai Nanqiao Line, Tianshengqiao – Guangzhou Line, Guizhou – Guangdong Line, uye Three Gorges – Guangdong Line.

Parizvino, mavoltage anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muChina anosanganisira 220V, 380V, 6kV, 10kV, 35kV, 110kV, 220kV, 330kV, 500kV uye 1000KV. Pakati pawo, 10KV nemagetsi ari pasi pemagetsi anonzi power distribution lines, uye 35KV nemagetsi ari pamusoro pemagetsi anonzi power transmission lines. Zvinorevawo kuti voltage iri pamusoro pe1KV i "high voltage", voltage iri pasi pe1KV i "low voltage", uye safety voltage iri 36V nepasi.

Voltage yakayerwa yemidziyo yemagetsi inoenderana neyegrid yemagetsi. Kutaura zvazviri, nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwevoltage mugrid yemagetsi, voltage chaiyo panzvimbo imwe neimwe inosiyana nemutengo wakayerwa. Kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti michina yemagetsi inoshanda zvakanaka, zviri pachena kuti michina yemagetsi inofanira kunge iine voltage yakajairwa inoshanda kupfuura voltage inobvumidzwa yegrid. Voltage yakayerwa yejenareta inowanzo kuve yakakwira ne5% kupfuura voltage yakayerwa yegrid yelevel imwe chete kuti itsive kurasikirwa kwevoltage pagrid.

Voltage yakayerwa yetransformer yakakamurwa kuita ma "primary" ne "secondary windings". Pa "primary winding", kana transformer yakabatana kumagumo kwegrid, inofanana nemutoro uri pagrid (semuchina we "factory step-down transformer"), saka voltage yayo yakayerwa yakafanana neye "grid". Kana transformer yakabatana ne "generator outlet" (semuchina wemagetsi we "power plant step-up transformer"), voltage yayo yakayerwa inofanira kunge yakafanana neye "generator". Pa "secondary winding", voltage yakayerwa ye "secondary winding" yetransformer inofanira kunge yakakwira ne5% kupfuura voltage yakayerwa yegrid tichifunga nezvekurasikirwa kwayo nevoltage (yakayerwa ne5%) kana transformer yaiswa mutoro. Kana daro rekutumira riri padivi rechipiri rakareba, kurasikirwa nevoltage yemutsara (yakayerwa ne5%) kunofanirawo kufungwa. Panguva ino, voltage yakayerwa ye "secondary winding" inofanira kunge yakakwira ne10% kupfuura voltage yakayerwa yegrid.